1. Current state of the problem: Statistics on the spread of resistant strains, particularly in Ukraine and the world. Why antibiotics are no longer the "gold standard" for certain infections.

2. Mechanisms of resistance formation: Briefly about biofilms, intracellular persistence of bacteria and other mechanisms that make antibiotics ineffective, especially in chronic and generalized infections.

3. Actovaccines as an alternative approach: What are actovaccines? The principle of action is how they stimulate specific immunity against the patient's pathogen, unlike standard vaccines.

4. Differences from antibiotics and prophylactic vaccines: Key advantages and limitations of therapeutic use.

1. Clinical scenarios: Detailed consideration of use in: Skin infections (furunculosis, chronic pyoderma), diabetic foot, post-traumatic purulent infections in the military.

2. Patient selection algorithms: What criteria indicate in favor of prescribing Actovaccine? When to use it as monotherapy, and when in combination with antibiotics?

3. Application schemes: Typical courses of treatment, methods of administration, dosage and duration of therapy.

1. Place in complex therapy: Analysis of the possibilities of using Actovaccine in patients with: sepsis and bacteremia, meningitis, pneumonia caused by resistant strains.

2. Limitations and contraindications. Clinical examples.